Engage at Every Stage

Develop Reciprocity

padlet free and no account needed
Can do photos and names
Create photo slideshow
quick: put in web address, double click on wall and go!
http://padlet.com/wall/orlando14

Thinglink
kind of glogster

Get students more in charge of their own learning

Ask: Does it put the student in the driver's seat

EyeJot

Bell Ringer Activity Social Media Changes our world

Find something dynamic in your class to bring to life.

Set high expectations.

http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=yRrdeFh5-io&desktop_uri=%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DyRrdeFh5-io
http://twitter.com/sagefreeman/status/435820310915731457/photo/1

cont

No bombardment of email

Mobile Technology (think of phone)

embed and make seamless

Choose the right tools

Predictable assignments multiple TOOL interface (Box, YouTube, Adobe Connect)

Continous Improvement--input with surveys (EOC???) and Badge Certificate

Three Faces of Great Learning

California State University Dominguez Hills


Build Community and sense of community in all we do as that is integral to learning

Google Hangout (Free. Can have up to 10 hours) Good for office hours (They've tried Fuse and other resources but they were time intensive to set up and had more problems)

Adobe connect is what they use for classes  MUST LOOK INTO THIS

online info sessions

can sync Adobe Connect Meetings with Google calendar

Orientation or Boot Camp

"Box" cloud storage/account (Can incorporate Google Docs) Box allows more organized, more multiple content (like video) so that's why with heavy files they use Box versus just google docs
(fee but not as expensive as you may think) Can invite students and it's free to them

Can edit with windows

They consider branding important to community and incorporate into classes

GOOGLE GLASSES CAN RECORD 10 SECONDS AGO!!! Say what??? !!!!

Icons, colors, headers, footers, banners for classes

Try to keep videos not too long

Don't forget some people might be new to the technology (I'm thinking the faculty would feel the same way).

Trouble shoot outside or link to class so class instruction is not disrupted

Love that students have everything all in one place, easy access (so many buttons to navigate)

Limit # of clicks or separate tab or window

Adobe connect has YouTube plug in so share video at same time

Online Etiquette (hard wired in, headphones if in public, focus bandwith on class

File that has addons  (timer plugins versus recreating or simuating)

Instructors can separate adobe connect class into small groups and drop into each group

Video Conference
Adobe Connect
Google Hangout

Communication
Text Alert
Google Hangout
Adobe Connect

Survey Monkey
Poll Everywhere

Survey the students too for waht they are using.  Do 2-3 things really well insted of many not so great.

Creating an Online Orientation

Southeast Missouri Universtiy Advising and Enrollment

Goals from their campus:
Double duty (LMS )
Learn about deficiencies
Minimize "generic" questions that come up more frequently
Provide resources to students that they wouldn't get through school email
Rights and Responsibilities
Financial aid and academic progress
Get schedule built

Felt it was important to limit orientation to an hour and a half

5 Models include
camtasia walk thru
Welcome
Video showing (students commented that they love videos) Not hard to do videos these days
Learning the Lingo with Glossary (Followed by a quiz--to complete an LMS task)
Constantly drive them to the website LMS
Videos with faculty (helps build connections for students--see faces recognize)
About "being an online learner" (videos from faculty and students)
Also provide multiple ways (document for those that want tangible copy)
Guide to success
Test your readiness for online (try to make it fun too)
Financial Aid (dates and deadlines list, federal grant programs, loan information, etc.)
Train them to use their resources
Portal and DegreeWorks Lesson ??? not sure what that is but could be cool
Advising Notes
Use different types of assessments with the orientatin modules
Checklist that they can follow for planning their semester
"Leave it at the Door" post a discussion about something you are scared about with going to school (and then leave it at the door because now you have the tools to be succesful)
Audience suggested adding "what makes a good post"
Do a small demo class

Found students are looking at advising audit and planning

Set with restrictions so release upon completion

They actually charge for face2face orientation but online is free



Put "Begin Here" in red to stand out

Incudes a video

They use Camtasia

cont

to check the reverse search image with TINEYE for searching images

Fair Use (in protected, login only, password protected environment)

IconFinder.com

Photobucket

Stock Xchng

Photo Pin

Jstore (art images that might be free use)

Toons:  Toondoo, Pixton

Join.me (screen sharing application) no login, its secure, give a code and share a screen, give them control of screen, can chat, real time up to 200+ people, new code each time you login in, can freeze screen to avoid other seeing something as you navigate

screencast o matic (great tutorials, can create a library)

Funky and Free

http://bit.ly/FunkyandFree

Pearltree (not linerar, more options, quick and easy)

pictotree (?)

storify (is linear)

60 favorites listed but here are a few
1. Pearltree
2. Twitter @macopeland1
3. Educational Articles and eLearning on Pinterest

Generate excitement

Can we take an ordinary assognment and make it extraordinary?

Give options (students will often take the more creative option)

Pinterest curration project

Audience contributions:
imindmaps
timetoast (timeline)
socratic
hypster
screen cast o matic
blogster
audioboo
glogster
pod o matic
join.me
skype to google hangout (Skype is "so yesterday" )
wigio
animoto
voice thread (for disussion boards, images)
voki (avatar)
private youtube
bublus (mindmaping)
dragon tape (cut and edit sections of youtube)
tubechop (chop Youtube for grabbing small piece of video)
Chirp (distribute documents virtually if other has chirp)
Teacher Kit (seating charts, etc.)
Mearpod (file distribution)
Khan Academy

Tineye generator (image search)



4. Adobe Kuler (kuler.adobe) a bit better than Color Scheme Designer

5. webaim.org  (has an ADA checker) checks color to ADA standards/recommendations



she has a requirement that students must call them once before mid-semester

Cont

Oversteam another program (Amara more strongly recommended)

Optional does not need to be (still should be )

look at Youtube for videos with captions  - if not captioned want "add your own captions" not the one that says something English something

YouTube:
Edit
Captions
Copy and paste in or upload file
Sync

Sync will take awhile and will list as "in progress"

5 minutes for one sentence!!!!!!

If sync is taking a long time try clicking on the start button it may or may not be done but it will tell you.

Can edit transcript easily from within

Participant comments makes good point sought remembering many students access via mobile device

Movie captioner is the program Matt uses at Miami U


Firefox free reader

Nv access reader

Captioning video

Equal rights
Campus diversity
Better pedagogy

Videos must be captioned before they are shown

Subtitles are not captioning the differene is that captioning includes the sound (dog barking, door closing)

Raw footage is exempt

Restricted Access materials : if no users require captions, do not need captions

Transcripts not sufficient for videos (must have synchronized text and video) (fine for audio-only podcasts)

Need to be done before video is shown

Students do not have to for student work

Amara 6 seconds of video that you can type in to go along with your video then it overlays with the video and gives you a new URL so when you click on that link it pulls both in and you are not copyright infringing because it is supplmental material

YouTube doesn't like word documents so save as "plain text" (choose "other encoding" choose "UFT-8"

cont

Live, synchronous presentations (blackboard collaborate--but blackboard crashes!)

Free Conference Pro (online conference)  Doodle pool

These presenters work with Master's level program students

Presentations by students recorded by students and then linked to discussion board and respond to each other

Individualized feedback use comment feature in Microsoft editor folder (save as a pdf so it is finalized)

Rubrics for every assignment

Structure (Course Rhythm and Cadence across program, limits surprises for students and faculty)

Throw me a Lifeline:Faculty Tips for working Smarter , Not Harder in your online classes

Keep students involved and engaged with announcements. 2-3 announcements each week (including intros, check-ins, words of encouragement) Develop a sense of community

Online "Student Union"

FAQ

Bulletin board

Use Messages feature as main community (part of the course where it is archived)

Student and Faculty introductions with pictures

Let students know yu are a real person

Very strict with deadlines!  (enforce the connection to the real world)

Very hard with grading the first week with discussions (still touchy feely and give feedback)

Overview that addresses technical difficulties

Orientation
Program policies and procedures (quiz)
Learning Styles Inventory (drop box)
practice using LMS (disc, dropbox, quiz)

Mandatory oritentaiton Activities

Course Syllabus  & Assignment Table

Instructor contact information:
24-48 Hour response quarantee
Expectations
Academin Accommodations
Academic Integrity
Netiquette
Late Policies
(SafeAssign and TurnItIn--Turn it In better but safe assign is free)

Start Here
Course Tour and Policy Tour
Tie course content to completing the tour/orientation

Highlight important course concepts (they are thinking about turning this into a video)

Use same structure so they have same look same feel

Transparency

Include Late Day of class and satfisfactory Academin Progress in policies

Announcements
Course Resources and updates
Campus Pictures -- Take Campus to students

Virtual Meetinggs

cont

ADA not accessible

Could use to post articles, case studies, etc.

Pinterest
80% is repinning
15.5 are liking
.6 are commenting

Pinterest repost

Jennifer Bopp, Manager, Instructional Design at Anne Arundel Community College

Pinterest evolved for the visual learner -- visual representations, categorize, "visual curating" 

Alot of schools out there using Pinterest as a Marketing Tool

Fastest site in history to reach 10 million unique visitors in a month

Top 3 pinners

1. Joy Cho, Los Angeles-designer, blogger, food enthusiast

ohjoy.blogs.com/

2. Becka Palmer, Brooklyn designer

3. Bonie Tsang, professional photographer

Leverage Media Dec. 2013 infographic: 

Pinterest 70 million versus 1 billion on Facebook, 560 Billion on Twitter 

Pinterest 32% male 68% Female

Infographics tool

Top 10 Most Impressive Pages in Higher Education

1 Texas A & M

2 Drake University

3 University of Oregon

4 Ole Miss

5. Marquette U

6 Miami U

7 University of Oklahoma

8. Oberlin College

9. Virgina Tech

10. Sant Mary's College of California

Example AACC Sarbanes

Keep a professional account and keep personal account separate

make your pins  and boards thoughtful

134 pins is a "moderate amount"

Service Learning partners with descriptions link to their website

Pin Ettiquette
Know the source
Citing Sources
Be respectful
Be authentic
Report objectional Content
Submit How to ake Pineterest Better

Pinning and the Possibilities

Jennifer Bopp, Manager, Instructional Design at Anne Arundel Community College

Pinterest evolved for the visual learner -- visual representations, categorize, "visual curating" 

Alot of schools out there using Pinterest as a Marketing Tool

Fastest site in history to reach 10 million unique visitors in a month

Top 3 pinners

1. Joy Cho, Los Angeles-designer, blogger, food enthusiast

ohjoy.blogs.com/

2. Becka Palmer, Brooklyn designer

3. Bonie Tsang, professional photographer

Leverage Media Dec. 2013 infographic: 

Pinterest 70 million versus 1 billion on Facebook, 560 Billion on Twitter 

Pinterest 32% male 68% Female

Infographics tool

Top 10 Most Impressive Pages in Higher Education

1 Texas A & M

2 Drake University

3 University of Oregon

4 Ole Miss

5. Marquette U

6 Miami U

7 University of Oklahoma

8. Oberlin College

9. Virgina Tech

10. Sant Mary's College of California

ipads in education

80% of tablets out there are ipad that's why they say that versus just tablets, most of what they're providing can also be done on android versions

Augment what teacher is already doing (trad, online or blended)

Documents can be created on ipad
QuickOffice (powerpoint)

CloudOn (free not as user friendly)

Google docs fully compatible Google Drive (share folder) and only have to change once

Libra office

Pages/Numbers/Keynote are free

Puffinbrowser Captures website, works 99% of time not glitchy like some others $2.99

MathLab and Pearson have special requirements but try Puffin

Evernote taking notes, multi-platform tool

Bamboo Paper

Facetime

join.me

First Class

Educreations (whiteboard)

Doceri (screen casting but also good for presenting with an ipad) allows you to annotate over presentations

Notability

Camtasia doesn't work on ipad

Integrity captures everything on the screen

So many science apps and other discipline specific apps

Quickgraphs

Syncspace accessing same space at same time. Draw on white board (no audio)

Talkboard one2one space

Language Lerning Throuh Cell Phones

Not getting much personally out of this session.

Students reported that they didn't want, what I'd call push notification.digital material sent by phone, sent more than 2-3 times a week

Animations Making the World More Convenient

He's basically talking about email.  However, our students don't like email.

He's not really talking about cell phone as a engagement as much as a tool for delivery (basically like this a phone is a computer.  Seems like such old technology)

Additional Resources from other sessions coming in from tweets

Matt's pre conference on ipad apps resource sheet: http://mevins.info/1oDglHh

Matt's notes from Tuesday http://mevins.info/O4KRME

Quoted in NCCA storify: http://sfy.co/baZC

Gamification Rubrics: http://bit.ly/gamerubric

What is elearning: http://magpiethat.com/2014/02/18/what-is-e-learning/

"Guiding your students to a great start" session notes: http://ctl.emacomb.com/blog/training/itc-2014/

Gamin Prezi: http://bit.ly/1eEzx3U  and example from her presenation: http://bit.ly/18bixgW

ITC DISTANCE ED SURVEY RESULTS: http://ift.tt/1gqYn6V

@cweckerle: MnSCU uses Kaltura and faculty can embed videos or full playlists. Can manage course playlists vs. individual vids. #elearning2014

eLearning http://magpiethat.com/2014/02/18/what-is-e-learning/

Multimedia Tools: http://www.slideshare.net/jmurdock3/multimedia-tools-for-educators

Turn resume into an infographic: http://professorjosh.com/2011/10/11/vizualize-me-turns-your-resume-into-an-interactive-infographic/

piktocharts

hootsuite

poll everywhere

social bookmarking https://www.diigo.com/

dynamic faculty support website: http://techhub.chemeketa.edu

open badeges resources: http://community.openbadges.org/

more badges http://badgeos.org/  and http://credly.com  and https://credly.com/u/7330 for example and another resource: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1LgJ56eoGrTRdXtdMePc-sXHlugB9a4ppr2QrIYHDmuM/edit?pli=1

http://news.badges.illinois.edu on Illinois use of badges

@colinstapp: "Disrupting Class" (Clayton Christiansen) was just mentioned in our session. Sounds like a great read. #eLearning2014

@professorjosh http://professorjosh.com/about/  http://buff.ly/1lWleJb

Example of faculty support website: http://ctat.roanestate.edu

Merlot mobile learning resources: http://mobilelearning.merlot.org/  example from Tennessee: http://emergingtech.tbr.edu/

ONLINE STUDENT MENTORS!! (great idea)

girls learning badeges: http://magpiethat.com/2014/02/18/girls-learning-code/

Free Conference Pro (online conference)  Doodle pool


storify.com

padlet.com for mobile

Data Privacy Ratings http://tosdr.org

CONFERENCE OPPORTUNITY FOR blogging, social media, etc. http://s.shr.lc/1mgIMvP

http://oerresearchhub.org/2014/02/17/oer-impact-at-community-colleges-elearning2014/
Dungeons and Discourse presentation slides: http://tiny.cc/ddis-pres

Keynote videos: http://events.mediasite.com/Mediasite/Catalog/Full/0cead5e911214ca0ba42b68a27d54f1f21

OER impact on community college: http://wp.me/p2UJMH-sA

http://alistapart.com/article/progressiveenhancementwithcss

Ideal length of video http://twitter.com/sagefreeman/status/435434941846130688/photo/1

Dialog by feedback fruits http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2oYapWcCSjc&feature=youtu.be

cont

The three C's: Collegiality, Collaboration, Credibility

3 Credits a semseter - Peer Review Coordinator

Administration never sees anything (unless they want them to)

Faculty for Faculty not punative, not attached to performance reviews, student evals, or faculty evals--LSC very much wants to keep it that way

debating now about "badge" for doing the peer review, but it would be more instructor based, versus giving to the course

"It's a learning process for everyone involved."  Best practices could be put in a repository

http://blogs.lsc.edu/onlinepeerreview/?p=14 LSC AmyJo's blog about POET (Program for Online Excellence in Teachning)

INTRAinstitutional

This also evaluates stduent interacion, instructor feedback and more (not grades)

Still has rubric that uses yes/no and met/not met ("in progress")

Even with cost of release credits, it's much more cost effective

QM $1000 per review (half goes to reviewers) ($150 per rreivew all to reviewers)

QM certificateion invlad if instructor, syllabus, outcomes etc. change POET if minor/major changes are made in class instructor can have course re-reviewed by lead reviewer (no charge)

QM  oustide quality control: no internal bias POET all internal reviewrs possible conflicts and bias

Materials rstricted and not customizable POET matreials shareable and customizable

QM might not familar with LS POET reviewers are familar with LMS

LSC sees excitement

eLearning budget pays for courses covered

Quality Matters or Homegrown Peer Review: Do we have a choice?

LSC

* First online 1996
* Currently about 30% of credits are online (471 FYE in 2013) 4190 students unduplicated
* Began LSC online Peer Review in 2004 (based on FIPSE Maryland Onnine project)
* over 20 peer reiverws and 70 + course reviewerd, did statewide workshops/trainings
* Joined QM in 2012
* Had first LSC course reviewed evaluted in 2013
* Have two QM peer reviewers on our faculty
* Decided to revise our current peer reivew process in 2013

Lake Superior wants to revert back to focus being on homegrown peer review process

Quality Tied to Instructors
History of training for onine insturcutros has varied (comprehensive summer boot camp)
Did fully online training
Did one-on-one training with IT
Began comprehensive nine training sumer 2012
Started AQUIP project on Comprehensive Teacher Training Fall 2012
Recommending new model of training for onine instructors both new and experienced
Much research suggests student success is affected by both course design and the qulaity of instruction

Program for online excellence in teaching

Part one: adminstrative tool for evaluating Online Courses

* Developed by faculty and dean in 2010

* Implemented in 2011

Part two: Comprehensive Online Instructor Training

* Inludes online teaching pedagogy and specific LMS training

* Eventuarlly will be modular training, both hybrid and online

Part Three: Online Peer Review

* For continuous quality control and impreovement

* To have instructors learn from each other while improving courses

******Have to ask Amy Jo about her role and how it is supported (credit release?)

Research Baed: Sloan Consortium: Sharing Efective Practies

Five Pillars of Quality Online Education adapted from Sloan C http://sloanconsortium.org/effective

Learning effectiveness, Access, Facuty satisfaction, STudent Satisfaction

Bottom-up more buy-in and more faculty satisfaction

How can we be best online learning program we can be?

Alliance for Higher ed competivenss

Executive leadership and Faculty Leadership (Online development Coordinator next year LSC will also have Peer Reviewer Coordinator too)

Took out point system to met/not met essential standards and other best practices

Lowered stipend for lead reviewer from $300 to $150 (5 reviews will be lead by Peer Rview Coordinator/semester

cont

They don't always look at game-based learning as learning but they are

Why games work
highly motivating
provide immediate feedback
lower stakes=less pressure
collaboration & competition
promote reflective thinking

Workforce becomes more releveant

iamFFIRST.com

Th.D = Thinkologist

iamFirst Celebrities promote Science as Rock and Roll

We need to say goodbyr to learning theories of the 50/60's
listen to students
continue to be disruptive in educatin
Be the change agents of faculty development & facilitate internal transition

What does the learner want (maybe more so need versus want)

Embrace internal changes as well as external

"It isn't the changes that do you in, it's the transitions.  Change is situational..."

Success is not final, failure is not fatal: it is the courage to continue that counts" Winston Churchill

Make space for some brand new ideas. "Unlearning It's easier for companies to come up with new ideas than to let go of old ones" 

Planets

My very eductaed mother just served us nice pizza (no pluto now--it's not a planet)

what color is the yield sign (too funny most said yellow but it changed in 1971 to red and white)  Shows why we have to "unlearn" some things

We have to unlearn that we are a "two year college" (high school, students finish in 1 year, or 3 years)

information is scare, seat time equals learning, set beginnings and endings, its easier online,

Trends

Traditional classroom is gone

Blended learning will emerge (almost everything will include e-Learning)

Institutions need to re-engineer physical space

E-Learning gies new meaning to snow days for some Central New Jersey students

 Like Ford analytics of gas mileage with real time immediate feedback -- opportunity to do the same with students (looking forward to costs coming down so more can be done from a learner perspective)

Credit hours will be challenged

Credentialing will be challenged

?By 2030 over 50% of Colleges will Collapse (Thomas Frey)

The total amount of borrowing reached a record $2.84 trillion, with student loans reaching $1 trillion

284,000 college graduates, including 37,000 advance degree holders in the US were working minimum wage jobs in 2012 (wall street journal)

Education built on same system as trust as banking industry (based on trust and students aren't trusting system now as a degree doesn't necessarily mean a job)

No need for textbooks (which were created to augment the curriculum being presented)

Open source, open courses, open tests (more and more being created every day)

More collaboration--peer review process still important

Flatworld knowledge (pay faculty to develop textbook but also does more integrated peer review process versus Merlot where it is volunteer recommendations)

We will play games to earn a degree (game-based learning increasing and possibly creating a digital divide)

"Anyone who tries to make a distinction between education and entertainment deson't the first thng about either" Marshall McLuhan

9 hours = number of hours adults are exposed to screens

cont

4. Plan (Application to graduate is too late) Plans should be formulated earlier and shared

Here are you choices which one do you want to do? Every student needs a plan

5. Purpose

Clarity of purpose their probability of  success goes up


New student experience helps students figure out why they're here.

1) Purpose is constructed in a social context/social construct
2) Purpose emerges over time (conversation doesn't just happen once--weave the discussion into every part of the learning)

6.  Person

I am a person.  I am not a number.  I am not the magnetic strip on the back of the card.  I am not a unit of consumption.

Tell us when you really felt like a person at the college.  90% told of a time the faculty broke a rule to treat you as a person.

What do you do to personalize learning through elearning?

In every learning experience you are working with a real person.

What can you attribute your success to?  NONE said the college's strategic plan!! All named a person, someone.

A MOOC will never treat a person as individual person  MOOCS are not about the learner they are about the business!

cont

Deep DNA
* Teacher as assembly line worker
* Student as raw material
* Institutional as Natural Resource

Freedom to not show up

Commercial/Retain Model
Early 1980s
Growth in enrollment, revenue, market share, and brand, brand, brand

Sell lifestyle (dorms, rec center, co-curricular life)

Drive the price up and discount it (42% in average coverage through assistance)

Deep DNA
* Student as Customer
* Professor as ??? Consumer Concierge" (my term)
* Institution as business enterprise

"Selling convenience"

New Cultural Model
The Learner at the Center- The best expert on the learner is the learner

Listen to the Learner
Need an army of listeners to hear and make meaning out of what you hear

Design Template  - 6 P's
1. Preparation

One of the most powerful predictors of success - are you ready to learn - preparedness
Insist of preparedness

Include someway for learner on the front end to know if they are ready.  Why not free?  Autoregistry one hours of work to show you are ready and if not, what you need to do to be ready.  Every student every learning environment.

2. Place
Community
Sense of Belonging
Social Capital

3. Pathway
Most powerful learners are medical students (structure)

Those in most need are given too many choices without structure.  "Here's 6000 classes for you to choose from"

"That's malpractice" Need pathways for curriculum that's intended to take them someplace.

Metastucture--fewer pathways more structure

6 pathways for AA's metamajor (business, liberal arts) narrow choices early so they can broaden them later.

ITC Keynote What Every Student Needs The 6 P's

ITC Keynote Presentation
February 15, 2014

What Every Student Needs The Six P's


Bologne was the first spot of the first University Monastic Model
*13th century
* Preservation and transmission of culture
* Harvard, Princeton, Yale all started to train monks

"There's a reason why we wear funny clothes at graduation."

Reason the classrooms had a podium (the lectern).

Deep DNA in Monastic Model
* Role of Professor as Priest (consecrated if I say you are worthy--you will recite)
* Student as Novitiate
* Institution as Conservator and Authority

Cleric ("Clark"-bureaucrat) to accurately collect tax and census work

Architecture still very reflective (domes, spires, gothic/classic architecture)

German Polytechnic Model (and American Land Grant University)
* Mid 19th Century thru 1930's
* Generation of new knowledge and its "practical" application
* BIG Agriculture, BIG Technology, and finally BIG Science

Einstein went to Zurich Polytechnic

Deep DNA
* Professor as researcher/innovator
* Student as apprentice scientist (To drive the economy)
* Institution as engine of economy

(Stanford architecture--trying not to be a church)  Form follows function

MIT - Both designs present

Industrial  Model
* Post WWII - 1950'2 to mid 1970's
* Production of graduates for the workforce

GI bill (called something else) and VA hospital (and loans)
within a year 3 million enrolled in college, didn't have enough housing
Women's colleges were turned into co-ed to help meet needs and absorb overflow

Truman Commission included we needed to retrain workforce and present system wasn't ready to do this so they Jr colleges became comprehensive community colleges (redo schools that were Rosie the Riverter schools).

1964-65 Large increase in schools

Baby boom (19 years after the war ended and soldiers came home)

Deep